The effect of sprouting in lentil (lens culinaris) nutritional and microbiological profile

Biological and vegetarian raw food products, in particular based on legume sprouts, are an increasing food trend, due to their improved nutritional value when compared to seeds. Herein, protein and mineral profiles were studied in 12 lentil varieties, with varieties Du Puy, Kleine Schwarze, Rosana, Flora, Große Rote and Kleine Späths II demonstrating the highest protein percentages. After sprouting, protein percentages increased significantly in 10 of the 12 varieties, with the highest increases ranging between 20–23% in Dunkelgrün Marmorierte, Du Puy, Große Rote and Kleine Späths II varieties. While Fe concentration was significantly decreased in three varieties (Samos, Große Rote and Kleine Späths II), Zn and Mn were positively impacted by sprouting (p ≤ 0.05). Magnesium concentration was not affected by sprouting, while Ca and K had percentage increases between 41% and 58%, and 28% and 30%, respectively, in the best performing varieties (Kleine Schwarze, Dunkelgrün Marmorierte, Samos and Rosana). Regardless of the associated nutritional benefits, issues pertaining to sprouts microbiological safety must be ensured. The best results for the disinfection protocols were obtained when combining the seed treatment with SDS reagent followed by an Amukine application on the sprouts, which did not affect germination rates or sprout length. The increasing levels of sprout consumption throughout the world require efficient implementation of safety measures, as well as a knowledge-based selection for the nutritional quality of the seeds.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The accuracy of Hestia and simplified PESI to predict the prognosis in pulmonary embolism: systematic review with meta-analysis

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Introduction Pulmonary embolism (PE) patients at low risk of early complications may be considered for early discharge or home treatment. Last decades evidence has been growing about the safety of several clinical prediction rules for selecting those patients, such as simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) and Hestia Criteria. The aim of this review was to compare the safety of both strategies regarding 30-days mortality, venous thromboembolism recurrence and major bleeding. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, CENTRAL and Web of Science on 6 th January 2022. We searched for studies that applied both Hestia Criteria and sPESI to the same population. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated for both stratification rules. Both Hestia and sPESI criteria of low risk were evaluated to set the number of patients that could be misclassified for each 1000 patients with PE. The estimates were reported with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results This systematic review included 3 studies. Only mortality data was able to be pooled. Regarding mortality, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio was 0.923 (95%CI: 0.843-0.964), 0.338 (95%CI: 0.262-0.423) and 6.120 (95%CI: 2.905-12.890) for Hestia Criteria; and 0.972 (95%CI: 0.917-0.991), 0.269 (95%CI: 0.209-0.338) and 12.738 (95%CI: 3.979-40.774) for sPESI score. The negative predictive values were higher than 0.977. The risk of misclassification of high-risk patients in low risk was 5 (95%CI: 3-11) with Hestia and 2 (95%CI: 1-6) with sPESI, for each 1000 patients with PE in terms of mortality. Conclusion The risk of misclassification of patients presenting with low-risk pulmonary embolism with the intent of early discharge or home treatment with both Hestia Criteria and sPESI score is low and these data supports methods for this purpose.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Percepção da Comunidade Acadêmica da Universidade Federal de Pelotas sobre a Coleta Seletiva no Município de Pelotas/RS

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a percepção da comunidade acadêmica da Universidade Federal de Pelotas sobre a coleta seletiva no município de Pelotas. O estudo foi realizado através de pesquisa exploratória, sendo classificada como estudo de caso. O questionário estruturado com seis perguntas de múltipla escolha foi respondido por 90 pessoas do âmbito universitário. A análise das respostas demonstrou que há necessidade de implementação de uma ação contínua, permanente e concisa nas diferentes esferas da sociedade pelotense, que abranja todas as idades e classes para que o resultado da coleta seletiva possa ser significativo. O poder municipal deve se comunicar com a população em todas as etapas do gerenciamento dos resíduos domiciliares, através de um trabalho educativo na dimensão da educação ambiental visando à conscientização e a colaboração de toda a comunidade

Interpopulation variation of transposable elements of the hAT superfamily in Drosophila willistoni (Diptera: Drosophilidae): in-situ approach

Transposable elements are abundant and dynamic part of the genome, influencing organisms in different ways through their presence or mobilization, or by acting directly on pre- and post-transcriptional regulatory regions. We compared and evaluated the presence, structure, and copy number of three hAT superfamily transposons (hobo, BuT2, and mar) in five strains of Drosophila willistoni species. These D. willistoni strains are of different geographical origins, sampled across the north-south occurrence of this species. We used sequenced clones of the hAT elements in fluorescence in-situ hybridizations in the polytene chromosomes of three strains of D. willistoni. We also analyzed the structural characteristics and number of copies of these hAT elements in the 10 currently available sequenced genomes of the willistoni group. We found that hobo, BuT2, and mar were widely distributed in D. willistoni polytene chromosomes and sequenced genomes of the willistoni group, except for mar, which is restricted to the subgroup willistoni. Furthermore, the elements hobo, BuT2, and mar have different evolutionary histories. The transposon differences among D. willistoni strains, such as variation in the number, structure, and chromosomal distribution of hAT transposons, could reflect the genomic and chromosomal plasticity of D. willistoni species in adapting to highly variable environments

Compreensão de adolescentes sobre as informações nutricionais e suas formas de apresentação em rótulos de alimentos

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of adolescents in a public school on the ways of presenting nutritional information on food labels. Methods: is an exploratory research, descriptive study based on the use of a questionnaire relevant to socioeconomic information and the understanding of food labels by adolescents from a public school, aged 12 to 18 years, of both sexes applied in 241 students from the seventh grade to the third year of high school. Results: The results found in this population were: 64% (n = 154) do not read the labels, however, 62% (n = 149) understand the nutritional information. In addition, 42.7% (n = 103) of students point out the small print as the main difficulty in understanding the labels, 25.52% (n = 85) consider nutritional quality as the most important at the time of purchase and 39, 8% (n = 96) more easily understand the traditional vertical model. Conclusion: Most adolescents are not in the habit of reading the label, in addition to experiencing difficulty in reading and interpreting the labels and nutritional information. Regarding presentation models of nutritional information, the linear model was evaluated as the most difficult to understand and the frontal models of traffic light and warning in triangles presented some difficulty in understanding. In this sense, it is necessary that the actions of food and nutrition education in schools address more about food labeling.Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos adolescentes de uma escola pública sobre as formas de apresentação das informações nutricionais nos rótulos dos alimentos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, baseado na utilização de um questionário pertinente as informações socioeconômicas e a compreensão dos rótulos de alimentos pelos adolescentes de uma escola pública, na faixa etária de 12 a 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, aplicado em 241 estudantes da sétima série ao terceiro ano do ensino médio. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados nesta população foram: 64% (n=154) não realizam a leitura dos rótulos, no entanto, 62% (n=149) entendem as informações nutricionais.  Além disso, 42,7% (n=103) dos estudantes apontam as letras pequenas como a principal dificuldade na compreensão dos rótulos, 25,52% (n=85) consideram a qualidade nutricional como a mais importante no momento da compra e 39,8% (n=96) compreendem com mais facilidade o modelo tradicional vertical. Conclusão: A maioria dos adolescentes não têm o hábito de ler o rótulo, além de sentir dificuldade na leitura e interpretação dos rótulos e informação nutricional. Quanto aos modelos de apresentação da informação nutricional, o modelo linear foi avaliado como de mais difícil compreensão e os modelos frontais de semáforo e de advertência em triângulos apresentaram certa dificuldade de compreensão. Neste sentido, é necessário que as ações da educação alimentar e nutricional nas escolas abordem mais sobre rotulagem de alimentos

Comparison of 5 acute pulmonary embolism mortality risk scores in patients with COVID-19

© The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)Objective: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to explore the short-term outcomes among patients with acute PE and COVID-19 and to further determine and compare the performance of the different prognostic scores (PESI, sPESI, BOVA, FAST and ESC scores) for risk-stratification in this scenario. Methods: Retrospective single-centre study of 85 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and PE admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). The diagnostic accuracy of each above-mentioned prognostic score was calculated post hoc, and their discriminative power was evaluated through an AUC curve. Results: Among the 85 patients, all-cause death occurred within 7 days for 6 patients (7.1%) and within 30 days for 14 patients (16.5%). Despite being older and having a higher percentage of altered mental status on presentation, non-survivors patients did not differ from survivors regarding comorbidities, traditional risk factors for venous thromboembolism and signs and symptoms at the ED presentation.Each risk stratification tool had modest discriminative power for 7-day mortality (AUC range, 0.601-0.730) with slightly lower discrimination for 30-day mortality (AUC range, 0.543-0.638). The pair-wise comparison of ROC curves showed that PESI had better predictive value for short-term mortality than ESC score (z test = 3.92, p = 0.001) and sPESI (z test = 2.43, p = 0.015); there is no significant difference between PESI and BOVA score (z test = 1.05, p = 0.295) and FAST score (z test = 0.986, p = 0.324). Conclusion: The most common risk-stratification tools for PE had modest discriminative power to predict short-term mortality in patients with acute PE and COVID-19.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Coronary X-ray angiography segmentation using Artificial Intelligence: a multicentric validation study of a deep learning model

© The Author(s) 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/.Introduction: We previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic coronary angiography (CAG) segmentation, using deep learning. To validate this approach, the model was applied to a new dataset and results are reported. Methods: Retrospective selection of patients undergoing CAG and percutaneous coronary intervention or invasive physiology assessment over a one month period from four centers. A single frame was selected from images containing a lesion with a 50-99% stenosis (visual estimation). Automatic Quantitative Coronary Analysis (QCA) was performed with a validated software. Images were then segmented by the AI model. Lesion diameters, area overlap [based on true positive (TP) and true negative (TN) pixels] and a global segmentation score (GSS - 0 -100 points) - previously developed and published - were measured. Results: 123 regions of interest from 117 images across 90 patients were included. There were no significant differences between lesion diameter, percentage diameter stenosis and distal border diameter between the original/segmented images. There was a statistically significant albeit minor difference [0,19 mm (0,09-0,28)] regarding proximal border diameter. Overlap accuracy ((TP + TN)/(TP + TN + FP + FN)), sensitivity (TP / (TP + FN)) and Dice Score (2TP / (2TP + FN + FP)) between original/segmented images was 99,9%, 95,1% and 94,8%, respectively. The GSS was 92 (87-96), similar to the previously obtained value in the training dataset. Conclusion: the AI model was capable of accurate CAG segmentation across multiple performance metrics, when applied to a multicentric validation dataset. This paves the way for future research on its clinical uses.Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). Cardiovascular Center of the University of Lisbon, INESC-ID / Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The interference of stress on worker nursing in hospital environment and its relation as a risk factor for the occurrence of cancer

Objective: to identify the interference of stress on the health of nursing workers at the hospital environment; describe the problems due to stress in these professionals and to evaluate the relationship of stress as a risk factor to the propensity of cancer in nursing workers' health at the hospital environment. Method: it is an exploratory descriptive research with a qualitative approach. It was approved by the Ethics and Research under CAAE number 05818412.4.0000.5243. Results: it was observed that nursing professionals of both sectors suffer various stressful situations in their working environment, overloading and stressing. Conclusion: there must be done many things to avoid these stressful situations for both the professional nursing and other professionals since the occupational stress can cause serious problems for the worker's health

The value of multiparametric prediction scores in heart failure varies with the type of follow‐up after discharge: a comparative analysis

© 2023 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.Aims: Multiple prediction score models have been validated to predict major adverse events in patients with heart failure. However, these scores do not include variables related to the type of follow-up. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a protocol-based follow-up programme of patients with heart failure regarding scores accuracy for predicting hospitalizations and mortality occurring during the first year after hospital discharge. Methods and results: Data from two heart failure populations were collected: one composed of patients included in a protocol-based follow-up programme after an index hospitalization for acute heart failure and a second one-the control group-composed of patients not included in a multidisciplinary HF management programme after discharge. For each patient, the risk of hospitalization and/or mortality within a period of 12 months after discharge was calculated using four different scores: BCN Bio-HF Calculator, COACH Risk Engine, MAGGIC Risk Calculator, and Seattle Heart Failure Model. The accuracy of each score was established using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration graphs, and discordance calculation. AUC comparison was established by the DeLong method. The protocol-based follow-up programme group included 56 patients, and the control group, 106 patients, with no significant differences between groups (median age: 67 years vs. 68.4 years; male sex: 58% vs. 55%; median ejection fraction: 28.2% vs. 30.5%; functional class II: 60.7% vs. 56.2%, I: 30.4% vs. 31.9%; P = not significant). Hospitalization and mortality rates were significantly lower in the protocol-based follow-up programme group (21.4% vs. 54.7%; P < 0.001 and 5.4% vs. 17.9%; P < 0.001, respectively). When applied to the control group, COACH Risk Engine and BCN Bio-HF Calculator had, respectively, good (AUC: 0.835) and reasonable (AUC: 0.712) accuracy to predict hospitalization. There was a significant reduction of COACH Risk Engine accuracy (AUC: 0.572; P = 0.011) and a non-significant accuracy reduction of BCN Bio-HF Calculator (AUC: 0.536; P = 0.1) when applied to the protocol-based follow-up programme group. All scores showed good accuracy to predict 1 year mortality (AUC: 0.863, 0.87, 0.818, and 0.82, respectively) when applied to the control group. However, when applied to the protocol-based follow-up programme group, a significant predictive accuracy reduction of COACH Risk Engine, BCN Bio-HF Calculator, and MAGGIC Risk Calculator (AUC: 0.366, 0.642, and 0.277, P < 0.001, 0.002, and <0.001, respectively) was observed. Seattle Heart Failure Model had non-significant reduction in its acuity (AUC: 0.597; P = 0.24). Conclusions: The accuracy of the aforementioned scores to predict major events in patients with heart failure is significantly reduced when they are applied to patients included in a multidisciplinary heart failure management programme.This work was supported by national funds, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, reference number UIDB/00306/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Variabilidade na composição química de vermicompostos comerciais

O aumento do consumo de alimentos mais saudáveis tem impulsionado o mercado de fertilizantes orgânicos. Aspectos relacionados á investigação sobre sua qualidade agronômica é importante a fim de garantir a saúde pública e também a preservação ambiental. Objetivou-se avaliar a variabilidade da composição química de vermicompostos comerciais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, representados pelas amostras V1 (vermicomposto comercial S), V2 (vermicomposto comercial SS), V3 (vermicomposto comercial B), V4 (vermicomposto comercial V) e V5 (vermicomposto comercial A), cada um com três repetições. As análises de pH, matéria orgânica total, cinzas, carbono orgânico total, nitrogênio total, relação carbono/nitrogênio e do índice de mineralização do vermicomposto foram realizadas em triplicata. Os resultados demonstraram que os vermicompostos comercializados apresentam uma grande variabilidade na sua composição química e não atendem a legislação brasileira de fertilizantes orgânicos do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, quanto ao teor de matéria orgânica total e relação carbono/nitrogênio. A ausência de informações sobre a composição físico-química na embalagem é um fomentador da aplicação empírica de vermicompostos em cultivos e deve ser evitada